Steam and hot-water boiler



March 9 1926.

r 1,576,185 I. J. FRENCH STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER Filed Dec. 12, 19224 ShOQtS ShGBt 1 INVENTOR r401 1/. Trend),

March 9 1926. 1,576,185 7 I. J. FRENCH s'rs'm AND HOT WATER BOILER 4Sheets-Sheet? Filed Dec. 12, 1922 36a INVENTOR l9 Irwin Dena/ 33 M r&

' ATTORNEYS March 9 1926.

l. J. FRENCH STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER Filed Dec. 12, 1922 4Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR frw in Ji'ren ch ATTORNEYS March 9 1926.

I. J. FRENCH STEAM AND HOT WATER 1301mm Filed De c h 12, 1922 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

lJNlTE STATES PATENT IRWIN .ir. nnnncn, or 'rrr rsnunen, PENNSYLVANIA,.assicnon o1 one-item" o, ALBERT c. soon, or wrtnlnsnuns, PENNSYLVANIA,

Aim memes-a BOIL R.

.hpplication filed December 12, 1922. Elerial No. 606,368.

To all whom may concern; I

Be it known that .l, IRWI J. Fanncrr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburgh, in the county oil Allegheny and StateofPennsylvania, have inventec certain new and useful improvements inSteam and Hotater Boilers, of which the following is a. specification.

The invention has for an object to provide, in a boiler of the charactermentioned, an improved fluid circulating means including a heating tubearranged for passing directly through the midst of the live coal in thelire box, and which. is especially provided for absorbing the combustionin the middle of the lire, which combustion in the conventional form ofboilers of the type mentioned, is usually wasted, since only the surfaceheat has heretofore been utilized and absorbed by the water around thefire box. 7

Further-more my invention embodies certain improvements in the grateconnections that constitute a part of my complete 7' proved boiler andwl'iich are designed for such operation that only the line ashes fromthe fire pot or chamber can sift through into the ash pit.

With other objects in view and which 30 will hereinafter appear, thisinvention consists of a boiler construction which embed ice the peculiararrangement and novel combination of parts set forth in the fol lowingdetailed description, specifically 35 stated in the appended claims andillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is aperspective view of a square shaped boiler in which is embodied myimprovements.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section there or taken substantially on theline 22 of Figure 3. t

Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 8-3 on Figure '2.

Figures 4.- and 5 are diagrammatic perspective views of circular shapedboilers with my improvements applied.

Figure (3 is a sectional elevation of a :further modified type of boilerhaving my im 50 proved arrangement of" heating and crown tubes and thesaid view also illustrates how the boiler can be arranged as a magazineteed boiler;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an end portion of anotherform of boilei 'hereinaft'er mentioned, the position of the heatingtubes used in connection therewith being indicated in dotted lines.

Figure 8 is a perspective view which il lustrates the cylindrical gratesections and the grate bar with which the said grate sections cooperate,the several parts being shown separated. I Figure 9 is perspective viewof one of the end rests for the grate members. 7

Figures 10 and 11 are diagrams hereinafter specificallyreferred to. p Intie drawings, Figures 1 to 3, the boiler is indicated as of square shapeand composed of a series of individual sections or units, comprising twohollow end sections 11 and a number of intermediate hollow sections 2-2,the latter, with the opposite or end sections 1-1, constituting whencoupled up, a boiler body having front, back and opposite ends baseflanges; 10 for resting on the surrounding rims of cast base whichconstitutes the ash pit portion of my improved boiler. The front end ofthe base portion is provided with; an ash pitdo'or 31-thatis hinged to arectangular frame 31 carried by the base. i v

The ash pitor base structure of my improved boiler comprises from andback end portions 3 and side portions 33-33, the front portion havingall opening to register with the door 31 d i The base structure end andside portions may be shaped for being readily asse' n} bled without theuse of bolts andrth'e like and the corners of the said back and frontends 3 and corresponding corners or the opposite side members 33 33 areeach formed with separated and dove-tailed flanges 32*3J and eachadjacent set ol said flanges, w ion the ends and sides of the base areassembled, form separated hollow dovetailed sockets 35-35 havingvertical slots at their inner base or side, the suit; slots 35 in eachcorresponding set of sockets 35 being inalignment, as is clearlyillustrates in Figure 3. a V i i Q 'lheseveral dove-tailed sockets 35inaddition to forming-means that aid in holding the end and side membersof the base structure together, when theseveral parts are operativelyassembled, also function as a means for supporting the peculiarly $lflped grate rests or sup-ports 1.8, one, of which is shown in detail inFigure 9 and will be presently further referred to.

The several sections or units which constitute the boiler body are, asbefore stated,

hollow cast and when assembled to their opis established by tubular pushnipples'6 ('see Figures 2 and 3) which will be hereinafter furtherexplained. 1

It will be observed that the inlet 11 is in I approximate alignment withthe lower front water passages between'the several sections, from whichit will be readily understood that circulation of the heating fluidthrough the front, back and over the top is greatly aided. K

The several inside or intermediate sections of the boiler body areconstructed alike, each ing with like openings 2425 in the adjacentintermediate units to provide clean out and clinker openings, as will bepresently further explained.

The openings 24 serve to provide for the ready placement of the cleanout doors 5. The clinker openings 25, before mentioned, are sopositioned with respect to the grate surface of the boiler as to providefor the ready breaking up of the clinkers that lodge on the gratemembers 37 hereinafter described in detail.

Like the openings 24 the clinker openings 25 are normally closed bydoors 50.

The adjacent two centrally disposed intermediate boiler sections havetransverse openings 27 at the front end which extend across the fullwidth of such end and when the several units are assembled the severalopenings 27 constitute the fuel feed open-' ings, as is clearly shown inFigures 1 and 2.

The said fuel openings are adapted to receive the sleeve cast on theinner face of a door holding rectangular frame 71, which carries hingedthereto a door 7.

At their front, back and top surfaces each of the several units, which,when assembled, constitute the boiler body, may have clovetailedassembling lugs 28-28, so located upon the faces of their respectiveunits and relatively to the push nipples 6, before menhold the severalsections or units in their desired assembled adjustment.

By thus constructing the several boiler sections or units, a simple andeffective assembling means is provided whereby the parts are tightly andpractically assembled in such a manner that the strain of assembling isexerted upon the individual unit and not accumulatively as in the caseof a bolt drawn assembly.

To prevent the clamps 8 from becoming accidentally displaced, the saidclamps when fitted in operative position, may be secured by clamp screws81 that thread through the clamps 8 and engage the boiler body, asshown.

To provide for the free circulation of the heating fluid through theseveral boiler sections and at'the same time effect apractically'fluid-tight closure between the several sections or unitswhen they are assembled, as is best shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, each ofthe units or sections has apertures 102O and these at the outer sidesare finished to provide smooth contacting surfaces.

As is best shown in Figure 2, the several fluid passages 10 -20 arelocated midway the sets of clamping lugs 2828 adjacent thereto, thereason for which will presently appear.

. The fluid openings or passages 1O2() are so located that when thesections or units are assembled, the passagesin the abutting walls ofadjacent sections or units register in such manner that they will closeand fit tightly over the tubular push nipples 6 and since the said pushnipples 6 are located midway their adjacent sets of operative lugs 28,it follows thatby so locating the boltless elements for clamping thesections or units together a positive fluid-tight joining of the severalparts is provided for, since the maximum drawing up strains of theadjacent sections or units is located at the places where most neededfor effecting the desired fluid-tight connection of the several sectionsor units, as before stated.

Each boiler unit or section is formed with hollow passages or crownbaffles 29 and those of the central units 2 are joined centrally thereofwith a hollow drop crown 29*, all of which are in circulatingcommunication with the heating fluid and positioned in such a manner asto present a maximum area of heat absorbing surface to the passingproducts of combustion, (see Figures 2 and 3).

Each said central unit is provided, at such places as is founddesirable, in practice, with openings 23 which aid in cleaning saidsections of the said core after casting. The openings 23 are closed byscrew plugs 23*.

As is well known to those familiar with the manufacture and use ofboilers of the type mentioned, the heat in the boiler fire box isgenerally consumed by internal coinbustion and only the surface heat isab sorbed by the water surrounding the lire box.

In my construction of boiler each intermediate boiler section or unit isformed with a heating tube 36 which extends across from the lower frontto the lower back edge of the section, as best shown in Figures 2 and 3.The heating tubes 36 are preferably oval or elongated shape in verticaldirection and are cast integral with or have their opposite ends incommunication with the water spaces in the front and back walls of theboiler section of which they form a part;

By providing a cross tube 36 along the lower end of each intermediateboiler section or unit, as stated, the said tubes pass through the midstof the live coal in the fire box when the boiler is working; I

By referring more particularly to Figures 2 and 3 ofthe drawings, itwill be noticed the several tubes 36 divide the lower part of the firebox into a series of separatec-hambers or pockets 1? each of whichcommunicates at the front end with a clinker opening and since the-lowerend of each cross tube 36 is disposed between the adjacent faces of apair of cylindrical grates 8T, (presently further explained) any one ofthe separated fire box poclrets 1'? can be conveniently cleaned out asmay be necessary, without disturbing the remaining portions of the lirebox. 7

By providing the cross heating tubes 36 and arranging them in the mannershown and described, the efiiciency of the boiler is materiallyincreased by reason of the said heating tubes absorbing the combustionin the middle of the fire box, a combustion heretofore wasted, beforementioned.

It is understood when it is desired to remove one or more of the boilerunits or sections for cleaning or repairing, it is only necessary todrive oil the clamping 'clevices 8 that join the section or sections tobe removcrhthus making it possible to conveniently remove and restore aunit or section without materially disturbing the connected arrangementof the remaining boiler sections.

In my construction of boiler and in the preferred form thereof, as shownin Figures 1 to 3, the grate is composed of a plurality (five beingshown) of rotatably mounted members each of which is in the nature of abasket grate composed of three sections 37, each provided with anoirci'r cular axial bore 37 to adapt them to slidably litonto a caststeel bar 38 which is formed with rounded ends or journals $39-$18 forfitting socket bearings 1'8 in the grate rests or supporting members 18hereinbefore mentioned and one of which is detailed in Figure 9.

The journal portions 38? of the bars 38 at the outer end thereof, aresufliciently long to extend through apertures d0 in the front end or theboiler base and then terminate in non-circular heads 41 for receiving ashaker or crank handle in the usual way.

As is best shown in Figure 3, the cyline ders 37 of two adjacent gratemembers have such close relation and are so :lesigned that the saidgrates will afford the desired agitation of the fuel when rocking thesaid grates and at the same time permit only the fine dust to go throughthe grates, the clinker-s being kept at the top surface of the grate andby reason of the separated fire pot pockets 17 formed vbetween theadjacent pairs of tubes 36 the said clinlrers are held for being readilypulled out through the clinker openings 25 through the front wall,

of the boiler when the clinker doors therefor removed,

To provide against clogging of clinkers between the adjacent faces ofthe outermost ones of the grates 37 and their adjacent in ternal wallsof the opposite end section's 1010, the latter have grateelike flanges37* along their inner edges, as is indicated in Figure 3.

A boiler as constructed and described provides for a compact assemblageof the dilferent parts or sections and in such man nor that theoperation of setting: up the boiler can be effected in a minimum amountof time and labor, since the time and labor usually required forconnecting boiler sec tions or parts by bolts or rivet devices is savedas all that is necessary for assembling the several sections of myimproved con"- struction of boiler, into operative condition, and tosecure the parts in rigid relause, is the driving on of the clamping dovices 8 that engage the dove-tail lugs 28, on the boiler sections, asbefore described, and as clearly illustrated in the drawings.

As before mentioned, the grate members are mounted in grate supports 18located within the front and back end confines of the boiler base In myarrangement,-tlie said supports 18 also function to aid in holdingthefront and back ends and the opposite sides of the base structure firmlytogether.

Each of the grate supports 18 includes 0 posite pendent ends 19- thatturn inward y at an angle of substantially 45 and at their top andbottom ends the said inturned members 19 are formed with a dovetailedvertically slotted hollow lug 16 and the said ends or webs 19 that carrythe upper and lower lugs 16-46, are

adapted for sliding into position through the vertical slotways 85formed between the clove-tail guides 35 in the corners of the basestructure, as is bestshown in Figures 2 and 3.

Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings diagrammatically illustrate circulartypes of boilers with my improvements embodied thereon, and when appliedto such types of boilers a pair of heat tubes are preferably extendedacross the fire chamber, the latter, as shown, being substantiallysquare. shape in the horizontal plane. In the form shown in Figures 4and 5 a plurality of crown tubes 36 are also provided.

l/Vhen arranged as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the body portion of theboiler is formed to seat on a base cast with an internal flange 39 thatconstitutes the rest for the boiler body.

WVhen but two heating tubes are used, as shown in Figure 4, a gratesection 37 is located between the abutments of the two tubes 36, andother grate sections 37 are located between the tubes 36 and theiradjacent walls of the fire box, the lower internal edges of whichterminate in gratelike flanges, as indicated.

When the grates are arranged as shown in Figure 4, the outer journalsthereof that project through the front wall of the boiler each carry achain wheel 77, the several wheels being adapted for engagement with theendless sprocket chain 78, as is best shown in Figure 5, which figurealso shows a journal in the center grate bar extended for being engagedby a shaker or crank handle. I

In the form shown in Figures 4 and 5 the said body may have wedge shapedlocking flanges or lugs 79 adapted for cooperating with a top or crownsection (not shown) which, in practice, is also provided with hke lugsfor being coupled with the lugs 7 9by clamp devices, such as is shown inmy pre-. ferred construction hereinbefore mentioned.

YVhen the number of grate bars shownin Figures 4 and 5 are used, theclinker doors are preferably arranged as shown n Figure 5.

Figure 6 diagrammatically illustrates another type or form of boilerwith my improvements embodied therein. In thlsparticular form, theboiler front or side is formed with a fuel opening 85 which is adaptedfor receiving the sleeve or cuff of a magazine or filler device 86 whoseflange or throat portion is'so shaped that it can be snugly entered intothe said flue opening.

lVhile my improvements are particularly designed for the building up ofnew boilers along the line stated the heating tube feature may bereadily adapted for or applied to high pressure boilers alreadyinstalled. For boilers already installed, the heating tubes 36 may havetheir ends suit-ably shaped for being either welded or riveted in theboiler casing, as is indicated in Figures 10 and 11.

In this application I lay no claim to the base and grate structure perse since that forms the subject matter of an application filed Jan. 11,1924, Serial No. 685,709, patented May 27, 1924, Patent No. 1,495,475.

From the foregoing taken in connection with the accompanying drawingsthe complete construction, the manner of manufacturing and setting up myimproved boiler and its advantages will be readily apparent to thosefamiliar with the manufacture and fore mentioned.

lVhat I claim is:

1. A boiler composed of end and inter-- mediate sections fitted togetherside by side and enclosing a fire box, surrounded top, sides and ends bya water space, a base and grate structure over which said sections set,said base and grate structure including cylindrical-cage grate elementsextending from front to back with their axes substantially aligning withthe joints between said sections, said cages projecting up above thebottom plane of said sections, vertically elongated water tubesextending from the front to the back of said intermediate sectionsthrough the fire box and communioat ing with said water spaces, saidtubes projecting between said adjacentpairs of cylindrical-cage grateelements and extending below the level of the top of said grate elementsinto proximity with the same.

2. A boiler of the boltless type including a body enclosing a fire boxsurrounded front, back, sides and top by a water jacket, a basestructure onto which said body is set, grate elements mounted on saidbase structure and including rotatable cylindricalcages which project upabove the bottom of said body into the fire box thereof, said bodyhaving vertically elongated elliptical water tubes extending parallel tothe grate elements from front to back of the fire box and in planesintermediate the axes of adjacent pairs of grate elements and connectedwith said water jacket, said tubes extending down between said adjacentgrate cages and into proximity thereto.

IRWVIN J. FRENCH.

